Generic Top-Level Domains are domain extensions that are not tied to any specific country or territory. They represent the largest category of TLDs and include both the original extensions like .com and .org, as well as hundreds of newer options introduced since 2012. With over 1,200 gTLDs available, there's a perfect domain extension for every purpose, industry, and brand.
Understanding the foundation of the domain name system and how generic extensions shape the internet.
Generic Top-Level Domains (gTLDs) are one of the main categories in the Domain Name System (DNS) hierarchy. Unlike country-code TLDs (ccTLDs) that are assigned to specific countries, gTLDs were created for general use and are available to registrants worldwide without geographic restrictions.
The first gTLDs were established in 1985 when the DNS was created. These original seven TLDs—.com, .edu, .gov, .mil, .net, .org, and .arpa—formed the foundation of the modern internet. While .edu, .gov, and .mil have registration restrictions, .com, .net, and .org became open to the public and remain among the most popular domain extensions today.
In 2012, ICANN (the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) launched the New gTLD Program, which dramatically expanded the domain namespace. This program introduced over 1,000 new extensions, ranging from industry-specific domains like .bank and .insurance to creative options like .ninja and .guru. Companies could also apply for their own branded TLDs, leading to extensions like .google and .amazon.
Today, gTLDs represent the most diverse category of domain extensions. Whether you're looking for a classic .com address, an industry-specific extension like .tech, or a creative domain like .design, there's a gTLD that fits your needs. The ongoing evolution of gTLDs continues to provide new opportunities for businesses and individuals to establish their unique online presence.
The foundational domain extensions that have powered the internet since its earliest days.
The undisputed king of domain extensions, .com was created in 1985 for commercial entities. Today it's used by businesses, organizations, and individuals worldwide. Its universal recognition makes it the default choice for most websites, though availability of short, memorable names is increasingly limited.
Originally designated for non-commercial organizations, .org has become synonymous with non-profits, open-source projects, and community initiatives. While registration is open to anyone, the extension carries an implicit message of public benefit and trust.
Created for network infrastructure providers, .net has evolved into a popular alternative when a desired .com name is unavailable. It's commonly used by technology companies, internet service providers, and networking-focused businesses.
Introduced in 2001 as one of the first new gTLDs, .info is ideal for informational websites, resource centers, and knowledge bases. Its clear meaning makes it perfect for websites focused on providing information to visitors.
Launched in 2001 as a .com alternative for businesses, .biz is restricted to bona fide business use. It offers an alternative for companies that can't secure their preferred .com name while maintaining a professional business-oriented image.
Specifically designed for individuals, .name allows people to register domains using their personal names. It's perfect for personal websites, portfolios, and online resumes where you want your name to be the focal point of your URL.
Originally restricted to licensed professionals like doctors, lawyers, and accountants, .pro is now open for general registration. It remains popular among professional service providers who want to emphasize their expertise and credentials.
Launched in 2006 for mobile-optimized websites, .mobi was created when mobile web was emerging. While responsive design has reduced its necessity, it still serves as a signal for mobile-first experiences and applications.
Modern gTLDs span diverse categories to serve different industries, communities, and purposes.
Domain extensions designed for commercial enterprises, from general business use to specific industries like finance and retail.
Extensions for tech companies, developers, and digital products. Many require HTTPS, enhancing security by default.
For artists, designers, photographers, and content creators who want their domain to reflect their creative field.
Extensions for groups, clubs, teams, and communities that want to establish a shared online identity.
Perfect for bloggers, news sites, and publishers who want their domain to reflect their content focus.
Extensions for real estate professionals, property listings, and housing-related businesses.
Key factors to consider when selecting a generic domain extension for your website.
Consider how recognizable the extension is to your target audience. Classic gTLDs like .com, .org, and .net are universally understood, while newer extensions may require additional marketing to establish trust. If brand recognition is crucial, .com remains the gold standard.
New gTLDs offer industry-specific options that can reinforce your brand message. A tech startup might benefit from .tech or .io, a law firm from .law, or an online store from .shop. These extensions immediately communicate your business focus to visitors.
While .com domains for common words can cost thousands on the secondary market, newer gTLDs often have better availability at standard registration prices. Compare the cost of a premium .com against a standard new gTLD that might better represent your brand.
Some new gTLDs like .app, .dev, and .page require HTTPS by default, providing built-in security benefits. If security is a priority for your website, consider these "secure by default" extensions that prevent unencrypted connections.
The most widely registered generic top-level domains and their primary use cases.
| Extension | Purpose | Registrations | Year Introduced |
|---|---|---|---|
| .com | Commercial (General Use) | 160+ million | 1985 |
| .net | Network/Technology | 13+ million | 1985 |
| .org | Organizations/Non-profits | 10+ million | 1985 |
| .xyz | General Purpose | 5+ million | 2014 |
| .info | Information Resources | 4+ million | 2001 |
| .online | Online Presence | 2+ million | 2015 |
| .top | General Purpose | 2+ million | 2014 |
| .app | Applications (HTTPS Required) | 1+ million | 2018 |
Common questions about generic top-level domains and their registration.
A gTLD (Generic Top-Level Domain) is a category of domain extensions that are not associated with any specific country. Examples include .com, .org, .net, and newer extensions like .app or .blog. These domains are available for registration by anyone worldwide without geographic restrictions.
The term "generic" distinguishes them from country-code TLDs (ccTLDs) like .uk or .de, which are tied to specific countries. gTLDs are managed by various registry operators under ICANN's oversight.
The .com domain is by far the most popular gTLD with over 160 million registrations worldwide. Originally intended for commercial entities, it has become the default choice for businesses, organizations, and individuals globally.
The dominance of .com is so significant that many users automatically assume websites end in .com. This makes it highly valuable for branding but also means that desirable .com names are often taken or expensive on the secondary market.
As of 2024, there are over 1,200 generic TLDs available for registration. This includes the original gTLDs (.com, .org, .net) and hundreds of new gTLDs introduced since 2012 through ICANN's New gTLD Program.
The number continues to grow as new applications are processed and additional TLDs are delegated. ICANN is planning future rounds of new gTLD applications, which could add even more options to the namespace.
Most gTLDs are open for registration by anyone without restrictions. However, some have specific eligibility requirements:
Google has confirmed that all gTLDs are treated equally for search ranking purposes. Whether you use .com, .org, .tech, or any other gTLD, your domain extension alone won't give you an SEO advantage or disadvantage.
However, there are indirect factors to consider: users may be more likely to click on familiar extensions like .com in search results, which could affect click-through rates. Additionally, memorable domains may earn more natural backlinks. For local SEO, ccTLDs may provide geographic signals that gTLDs don't offer.
Learn about different categories of domain extensions available worldwide.
Explore domains assigned to specific countries like .uk, .de, .jp, and 250+ more ccTLDs.
Discover 1,000+ new generic extensions launched since 2012 including .app, .blog, and more.
Learn about restricted domains like .edu, .gov, and .museum managed by specific organizations.
Browse our comprehensive database of 1,500+ domain extensions from around the world.
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